从5G到边缘，远程连接技术的发展将打破传输障碍

From 5G to Edge, Remote Connectivity Advancements Will Break Down Transmission Barriers
从5G到边缘，远程连接技术的发展将打破传输障碍

Distance and physical barriers are hampering data transmission to remote locations, but new technologies are evolving to break down these barriers. In its newest report, “Innovating Remote Connectivity,” Lux Research, a leading provider of tech-enabled research and advisory services, analyzes evolving technologies and their suitability for key industries that require remote solutions.

距离和物理障碍阻碍了向远程位置的数据传输，但是不断涌现的新技术正在打破这些障碍。领先的技术研究与咨询服务提供商Lux Research在其最新《创新远程连接》报告中，分析了不断发展的技术及其对需要远程解决方案的关键行业的适用性。

Over long distances, the options for transmission technologies dwindle, leaving 4G/5G cellular, LPWAN, and satellite as suitable, reliable options for remote connectivity.

在长距离传输中，传输技术的选择越来越少，使得4G/5G蜂窝、LPWAN和卫星成为远程连接的合适、可靠选择。

“The trade-offs between 4G cellular, LPWAN, and satellite have long been known,” said lead analyst and report author Michael Sullivan. “LPWAN’s low bandwidth is well-suited for remote device monitoring, while satellite’s long range makes it suitable for environmental monitoring.”

首席分析师兼报告作者Michael Sullivan表示：“4G蜂窝、LPWAN和卫星之间的权衡早已为人所知。LPWAN的低带宽非常适合远程设备监控，而卫星的长距离使其适合环境监控。”

Remote connectivity solutions aren’t only concerned with how data is transmitted: Where data is processed is also an important consideration. Edge computing enables companies to strategically place data processing nodes closer to the data source, reducing latency. When data can be processed locally, as it is in edge computing, less traffic has to be sent to remote data centers or transferred to central cloud platforms for processing. This capability reduces bandwidth and power requirements and can allow lower-cost technologies to be deployed.

远程连接解决方案不仅关心数据如何传输:数据在哪里处理也是一个重要的考虑因素。边缘计算使公司能够战略性地将数据处理节点放置在离数据源更近的地方，从而减少延迟。当可以像在边缘计算中一样在本地处理数据时，需要发送到远程数据中心或传输到中央云平台进行处理的流量就会减少。这一功能降低了带宽和功耗要求，并可以部署成本更低的技术。

Lux Research has ranked the different connectivity options that are best suited for certain industries. For example, oil and gas should utilize LPWAN for surface equipment monitoring and satellite for onshore or offshore drilling. The best solution for well and production data analysis is increasingly a 5G hybrid that combines both range and low latency.

Lux Research对最适合某些行业的不同连接技术进行了排名。例如，石油和天然气应利用LPWAN进行地面设备监控，并利用卫星进行陆上或海上钻探。结合了距离和低延迟的5G混合技术越来越多地成为油井和生产数据分析的最佳解决方案。

Remote manufacturing will benefit most from 5G for predictive maintenance and remote control of robots and machines but should use LPWAN for energy consumption monitoring. Mining and construction can benefit from a range of options: LPWAN for site equipment monitoring, satellite for site inspection, and 5G for automated machine operation.

远程制造将从5G对机器人和机器的预测维护和远程控制中受益最大，但应使用LPWAN进行能耗监控。采矿和建筑可以从一系列选项中受益：用于现场设备监控的LPWAN，用于现场检查的卫星以及用于自动化机器操作的5G。

Supply chains can also benefit from a combined technology approach, using LPWAN for warehouse and logistics monitoring, 5G and satellite for real-time tracking and tracing, and an LPWAN-satellite hybrid for cold chain monitoring solutions. The utilities industry can benefit most from LPWAN for wind farm operation and smart meters, and satellites for UAV line inspection.

供应链还可以从组合技术中受益，使用LPWAN进行仓库和物流监控，使用5G和卫星进行实时跟踪和追踪，以及使用LPWAN卫星混合技术来进行冷链监控解决方案。电力行业则主要受益于将LPWAN用于风电场运行和智能电表，以及卫星用于无人机线路检查。

Lux Research predicts that 5G technology will emerge as a unifier with its ability to address multiband use cases and that satellites will become more cost-effective as they cater to more IoT services. In addition, 6G will emerge as an expansion of mmWave, with limited uses in remote communications.

Lux Research预测，5G技术因其能够解决多波段使用将成为一个统一的平台，而卫星将变得更加经济高效，因为它们可以满足更多的物联网服务。此外，6G将作为毫米波的扩展而出现，但在远程通信中的使用有限。